Sexually transmitted disease are also reffered to as Venereal Diseases, they are diseases that are transmitted from one person to the other through sexual activity, this incudes anal , vaginal or MouthAction. The rate of sexually transmitted disease and rapes especially of the underage (child rape) has become a major public health challenge in Nigeria
The high rate of prostitution, commercial sex activities and schemes in higher institutions of learning has also escalated the level of sexually transmitted disease in the country.
Teenagers are also involved as their tendencies to explore new things and prove to their parents and peers that they have come of age has landed many in hospitals for all the wrong reasons.
1. GONORRHEA
Gonorrhea is the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease (STD) in Nigeria. In fact, in 1963, WHO found Lagos to have the highest gonorrhea rate in the world? Recent surveys report gonorrhea prevalence to be as high as 28.1%. Some studies show a clear association between gonorrhea and male / female infertility. Penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhea prevalence varies from 44.4% in Zaria to 80% in Ibadan.
There are major several complications that arises in the event that a gonorrhea remains untreated, this could be related to the body tissues, reproductive capacity and deformities in new born.
2. HIV/AIDS
According to UNAIDS, The number of people living with HIV in Nigeria is between 2, 600 000 – 4, 500 000 more than double the population of some states. The prevalence rate of the disease among Adults aged 15 to 49 is 3.1%. HIV is a sexually transmitted disease that has no cure currently.
Rivers, Taraba and Kaduna are the top three states with the highest level of HIVAIDS infection in Nigeria while Ekiti, Zamfara and Bauchi has the lowest rates. Globally more than 33 million people are living with or affected by HIV/AIDS.
HIV/AIDS has complicated the lives of millions in Nigeria, before the advent of free antiretroviral drugs many perished. In addition, due to the high rate of stigma many infected individuals are not taking advantage of the free anti-retroviral drugs and screening programs available. While many others who are infected, unknowingly infect their loved ones because they do not know they carry the virus.
3. Trichomonasis
The Federal Ministry of Health reported the National average prevalence rate of 9.8% for trichomoniasis. The condition is caused by the one-celled protozoan organism Trichomonas vaginalis which is transmitted during sexual activity. It could also be spread by sharing intimacy gadgets or the used of intimacy gadgets that have been contaminated with the disease causing organism.
About 70 percent of people with trichomoniasis don’t experience any signs or symptoms. Having trichomoniasis can also cause genital inflammation that makes it easier to get infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, or to pass the HIV virus to a sex partner
4. Candidiasis
The Federal Ministry of Health reported the National average prevalence rate of 9.62% for Candidiasis. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeasts that belong to the genus Candida.
There are over 20 species of Candida yeasts that can cause infection in humans, the most common of which is Candida albicans. Candida yeasts normally reside in the intestinal tract and can be found on mucous membranes and skin without causing infection; however, overgrowth of these organisms can cause symptoms to develop.
5. Syphilis
The incidence of syphilis has also gone up by 134% in men over the last five years. Syphilis. Syphilis is a highly contagious disease spread primarily by sexual activity, including oral and anal sex.
Syphilis is caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum and it is the only known sexually transmitted disease to cause madness. Yes long-term infection with syphilis can cause brain damage and blindness. The disease can complicate the life of an individual in the long run if left untreated. There are 4 stages of syphilis each with its distinct features.
To avoid these diseases we have to careful, avoid to many partners and play safe
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